Forklift Starter

Starters for Forklifts - A starter motors today is usually a permanent-magnet composition or a series-parallel wound direct current electrical motor with a starter solenoid installed on it. When current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, mainly through a key-operated switch, the solenoid engages a lever that pushes out the drive pinion that is located on the driveshaft and meshes the pinion using the starter ring gear which is found on the flywheel of the engine.

The solenoid closes the high-current contacts for the starter motor, that begins to turn. When the engine starts, the key operated switch is opened and a spring inside the solenoid assembly pulls the pinion gear away from the ring gear. This particular action causes the starter motor to stop. The starter's pinion is clutched to its driveshaft by means of an overrunning clutch. This permits the pinion to transmit drive in only a single direction. Drive is transmitted in this particular manner through the pinion to the flywheel ring gear. The pinion continuous to be engaged, for example since the driver did not release the key when the engine starts or if the solenoid remains engaged because there is a short. This actually causes the pinion to spin independently of its driveshaft.

The actions mentioned above will prevent the engine from driving the starter. This vital step stops the starter from spinning so fast that it would fly apart. Unless modifications were made, the sprag clutch arrangement would preclude using the starter as a generator if it was used in the hybrid scheme mentioned prior. Usually an average starter motor is designed for intermittent use that will stop it being used as a generator.

Therefore, the electrical parts are intended to operate for just about less than 30 seconds to prevent overheating. The overheating results from very slow dissipation of heat because of ohmic losses. The electrical parts are intended to save weight and cost. This is really the reason the majority of owner's instruction manuals intended for vehicles recommend the operator to pause for at least 10 seconds after each 10 or 15 seconds of cranking the engine, when trying to start an engine which does not turn over at once.

During the early part of the 1960s, this overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased onto the market. Prior to that time, a Bendix drive was utilized. The Bendix system operates by placing the starter drive pinion on a helically cut driveshaft. When the starter motor begins spinning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly enables it to ride forward on the helix, therefore engaging with the ring gear. As soon as the engine starts, the backdrive caused from the ring gear enables the pinion to surpass the rotating speed of the starter. At this moment, the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and hence out of mesh with the ring gear.

During the 1930s, an intermediate development between the Bendix drive was made. The overrunning-clutch design that was made and launched in the 1960s was the Bendix Folo-Thru drive. The Folo-Thru drive has a latching mechanism together with a set of flyweights in the body of the drive unit. This was a lot better as the standard Bendix drive used so as to disengage from the ring once the engine fired, although it did not stay functioning.

As soon as the starter motor is engaged and starts turning, the drive unit is forced forward on the helical shaft by inertia. It then becomes latched into the engaged position. As soon as the drive unit is spun at a speed higher than what is achieved by the starter motor itself, like for instance it is backdriven by the running engine, and then the flyweights pull outward in a radial manner. This releases the latch and permits the overdriven drive unit to become spun out of engagement, thus unwanted starter disengagement could be prevented previous to a successful engine start.

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